Engine



c. L. KINDER Aug. 27, 1929.

ENGINE 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed July 19. 1927 55 IEJVENTOR. C'.L .K/NDEFP BY W Y ATTORNEY.

Patented Ali". 27, 1929.

UNETED STATES mam GLOYD LELAND KINDER, OF DENVER, COLORADO.

ENGINE.

Application filed. July 19, 1927. Serial No. 206,888.

This invention relates to engines of the internal combustion or explosion type and its main object. resides in the provision of an engine of exceedingly simple construction in which but one valve is employed to control the intake of fuel and in which the exhaust of burnt gases is controlled by movement of the power piston without the use of an auxiliary valve. e

A further object of the invention is to provide an engine in which the fuel is drawn from its source of supply directly into the cylinder and there'compressed by movement of the power piston.

Another object is to provide an. engine in which the incoming fuel and exhaust gases are at all times completely separated from each other thus preventing premature eX- .plosions. I

Still other objects are found in combinlng with the above stated advantageous features a complete scavenging of the explosion chamber during each power movement of the piston, in the elimination of vacuum spaces for the intake of motive fluid, in the mechanical operation of the intake valve in association with the power-piston, and in many details of construction and a novel arrangement of parts as will be fully disclosed in the course of the following description.

My invention is particularly adapted for use in the production of a so-called two-cycle engine in which one power impulse is produced during each revolution of the crank and it will be found that a two cycle engine constructed in accordance with the present invention has every advantage in operation of a modern'four-cycle engine with lesser working parts and without any intricacies of construction usually required in engines of this type. I

An embodiment of the invention has been illustrated in the accompanying drawings in the several views of which like parts have been similarly designated and in which Figure 1, represents a sectional elevation of a two-cycle engine constructed in accordance with the invention;

Figure 2, a section. in a plane at right angles to that of the other, along the line 22, Figure 1, I

Figure 3, a transverse section taken on the line 33, Figure 1; Y

Figure 4, a fragmentary sectional View of the end portion of the engine, drawn to a reduced scale and showing the working parts of the engine in the position when the power piston has reached the end of its com of the engine, jacketed as at 6, and connected with a crank-case 7 of suitable size and form.

The cylinder is closed at its end opposite to that connecting with the crank case, by a head 8 provided. with a chamber 9 for the intake of fuel through a conduit 10 connected with a carburetor or other suitable 1 source of supply.

The chamber has at its open end a seat 12 for a valve 13 hereinafter to be referred to as the intake valve of the engine.

Fitted for reciprocation in the cylinder is the power piston 14 which by means of a rod 15 is connected with the crank shaft 16.

Interposed between the power piston and the intake end of the cylinder is a floating annular piston 1 provided with piston rings 18 for its fluid tight sliding contact with the wall of the cylinder.

The floating piston has in its end facing the closed end of the cylinder, a valve seat 19 in axial alinementwith the valve seat at the end of the intake chamber mentioned hereinbefore.

The intake valve 13 has two beveled faces to cooperate respectively with the seat of the intake chamber and the seat of the floating piston to control the flow of fuel from the conduit 10 into the cylinder and from the space between the floating piston and the intake part. to the space between the pistons.

The valve is formed at the end of a stem the ends of the cross-head respectively, in parallel relation to each other.

A spring 27 around the stem between the cylinder head and an abutment-collar 28 on the stem serves to compel the valve to follow the movement of the power piston during its compression stroke and springs 29 and 30 at the opposite sides of the cross head engage respectively with the abutment-collar 28 and with a fixed collar 31 at the end of the valve stem to permit of a limited independent movement of the piston with relation to the valve and to cushion the impact of the valve as it engages one or the other of the seats with which it cooperates.

The power piston has at its end opposed to the floating piston, an annular extension 32 of its circumferential wall, which has a number of openings 33 adapted to register with a corresponding number of ports 34 in the wall of the cylinder.

The ports 34 through which the spent gases are exhausted in the operation of the engine, are disposed to be in register with the openings of the power piston when the latter is at the end of its power-stroke as illustrated in Figures 1, 2, 4 and 5.

At the end of the compression stroke, the piston 14 engages the floating piston 17, the latter is in contact with the head 8 of the cylinder, and the valve 13 closes the intake port of the cylinder, represented by the valveseat 12 at the end of the chamber 9. .Vhen the working parts of the engine are thus relatively p'ositioned,the space between the closed end of the power piston and the head of the cylinder, indicated in Figure 8 by the reference numeral 35, constitutes the combustion chamber in which the compressed charge of fuel previously admitted through the intake port, is ignited through the instrumentality of a spark plug 36 fastened in an opening 37 of the cylinder-wall.

The floating piston and the valve may be lubricated by means of alined oil ducts 38, 39 and 40 formed in the wall of the floating piston, the head and stem of the valve, and the wall of the intake chamber, respectively the lubricant being supplied to the duct 40 by a pipe 41.

The operation of the engine is as follows When the power-piston is at the end of its compression stroke as shown in Figure 8, the charge of fuel in the combustion space 35 is ignited by means of the spark plug which, as usual, is connected in an electric C11- cuit with a timer operated from the crankshaft. The consequent expansion of the charge drives the piston outwardly and the motion of the piston is transmitted to the crank-shaft by the rod 15.

During the first part of the power stroke of the piston the spring 29 is contracted by the corresponding movement of the crosshead 21 connected with the piston by the rods 24 and 25, and the valve and the piston 1'7 remain in place until the power piston reaches the position illustrated in Figure 5, in which the openings 33 are about to register with the exhaust ports 34.

During the continued movement of the piston the corresponding movement of the crosshead causes the valve to separate from its seat at the end of the intake chamber by pressure upon the collar 28 on the valve stem through the medium of the now totally compressed spring 29, and the movement of the valve seated on the floating piston compels the latter to follow the motion of the power-piston. It follows that as the space between the pistons is opened to the atmosphere, the burnt gases'are forcibly expelled by the movement of the floating piston while, at the same time a fresh charge of fuel is drawn into the space between the floating piston and the head of the cylinder through the now open intake port 12. The fresh charge is completely separated from the spent gases and the cylinder is thoroughly scavenged before the piston reaches the end of its power stroke, as shown in Figure 6.

During the return stroke of the power piston the valve is separated from its seat on the floating piston by expansion of the spring 27 until it is brought to engagement with its'seat on the cylinder head. Duringthis movement of the valve, the floating piston remains in place until, after the valve has closed the intake-port represented by the seat on the cylinder head, the piston 14 engages the floating piston as illustrated in Figure 7 The power piston may continue its .movement, independent of the valve, by compression of the spring 30 and the subsequent conjunctive movement of the two pistons compresses the charge in the space between the pistons and the end of the cylinder until the floating piston is again brought into contact with the cylinder head when the charge is ignited as before and the operation is repeated.

It will be apparent that the charge drawn into the cylinder during the power stroke. of the piston is compressed in the cylinder during the return stroke, that the spent of combustion are exhausted by movement of the floating piston while the fresh charge is drawn in and that the charge remains at all times separated from the burnt residue of the previous charge.

The intake valve is mechanically opened and closed by its connection with the piston and engages both its seats during ignition of the charge, thereby preventing carbon deposits. The fuel is drawn in by direct and immediate suction when the valve is separated from the intake port and owing to the large area of the exhaust ports unobstructed by valves, and the complete expulsion of brunt gases at the time the piston reaches the end of its power stroke, overheating of the engine is prevented and its efficiency is materially increased. 7 I

A distinctive feature of the invention resides in the means employed for the operation of the charging element which in the construction shown, includes the floating valve 17 and the valve'18, by movement of the power piston. 7

This means, comprising the rods 24 and25, the unions 26 and the cross head 28, is strong, dependable and very eflicient in operating an element at a closed end of the cylinder, by rigid connection with a piston that drives a crank shaft through the opposite open end of thesame and it is to be understood that the means may be employed in connection with charging devices of different nature and construction from that shown in the drawings and hereinabove described.

I claim:

1. In an internal combustion engine, a cylinder having an intake port, a power piston, a floating piston having a passage to admit fuel to the power piston, a movable valve in impelling relation to the floating piston and adapted to close the intake port and the passage, and mechanical means for moving the valve by the operation of the engine during movements of the power piston in opposite directions.

2. In an internal combustion engine, a cylinder having an intake port, a power piston, a floating piston having a passage to admit fuel to the power piston, a movable valve in impelling relation to the floating piston and a spring-controlled connection between the power piston and the valve for their conj unctive movement during part of the piston strokes.

3. In an internal combustion engine, a cylinder having an intake port, a power piston, a floating piston having a passage to admit fuel to the power piston, a reciprocating valve adapted to close the intake port and the passage, a spring opposing movement of the valve in one direction, and an impellent member moving in unison with the piston and adapted to move the valve in the opposite direction against the yielding resistance of the spring.

4. In an internal combustion engine, a cylinder having an intake port, a power piston, a floating piston having a passage to admit fuel to the power piston, a reciprocating valve adapted to close the intake port and the pas sage, a stem for the valve, a collar on the stem, a spring between the collar and a relatively fixed abutment, and an impelling member moving in unison with the piston and acting upon the collar to move the valve against the resistance of the spring.

5. In an internal combustion engine, a cylinder having an intake port, a power piston, a floating piston having a passage to admit fuel to the power piston, a reciprocating valve adapted to close the intake port-and the passage, a stem for the valve, a collar on the stem, a spring between the collar and a r elatively flXed abutment, a spring at the opposite side of the collar, and an impellent member moving in unison with the piston, in engagement with the last mentioned spring.

6. In an internal combustion engine, a cylinder having an intake port, a power piston, a floating piston having a passage to admit fuel to the power piston, a reciprocating valve adapted to close the intake port and the passage, a spring opposing movement of the valve in one direction and a crosshead in rigid connection with the piston and adapted to move the valve in opposite direction against the resistance of the spring.

7 In an internal combustionengine, a cyl- V inder having an intake port, a power piston, a floating piston having a passage to admit fuel to the power piston, a reciprocating valve adapted to close the intake port and the passage, a stem for the valve, a collar on the stem, a spring between the collar and a relatively fixed abutment, a second spring at the opposite side of the collar, and a crosshead in rigid connection with the piston and engaging the second spring.

8. In an internal combustion engine, a cylinder having an intake port, a power piston, a floating piston having a passage to admit fuel to the power piston, a reciprocating valve adapted to close the intake port and the petssage, a stem for the valve, a collar on the stem, a spring between the collar and a relatively fixed abutment, a second spring at the opposite side of the collar, a cross head in rigid connection with the piston and engaging the second spring, a third spring at the opposite side of the crosshead, and an abutment on the valve stem engaging the last mentioned spring.

9. In an internal combustion engine, a cylinder having an intake port, a power piston, a floating piston having a passage to admit fuel to the power piston, a movable valve in impelling relation to the floating piston and adapted to close the intake port and the passage, and means for moving the valve by the operation of the engine, the valve being bored to admit a lubricant to the floating pis' ton.

10. In an internal combustion engine, a cylinder having an intake port, a power piston, a floating piston having a passage to admit fuel to the power piston, a movable valve in impelling relation to the floating piston and adapted to close the intake port and the passage, means for moving the valve by the operation of the engine, and means for supplying lubricant to the floating piston by medium of the valve. t

11. In an internal combustion engine, a cylinder having an intake port, a power piston and a floating piston in the cylinder, the latter having a passage to admit fuel to the power piston, a movable valve mounted to close the passage, a spring opposing movement of the valve in one direction, and means to move the valve in the opposite direction against the resistance of the sprin 12. An internal combustion engine comprising a cylinder, a charging element, a piston in the cylinder, a means for the operation of the charging element by movement of the piston, including a rod moving exteriorly of the bore of the cylinder, in connection With the piston.

18. An internal combustion engine comprising a cylinder, a charging element, a piston in the cylinder, and means for the operation of the charging element by movement of the pis- 1 ton, including a U-shaped member, partially extending through the open end of the cylinder, in connection with the piston.

15. An internal combustlon engine comprising a cylinder having a guide Way exteriorly of its bore, a charging element, a piston in the 7 cylinder, and means for the operation of the charging element by movement of the piston, including a member moving in the guide Way, in connection with the piston.

In testimony whereof I have afiixed my signature.

CLOYD LELAND KINDER. 

